Kugeza ubu, moteri ya mazutu ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye kandi ni ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi byatoranijwe mu gutanga amashanyarazi mu gihe habaye umuriro utunguranye cyangwa amashanyarazi ya buri munsi n’inganda.Amashanyarazi ya Diesel nayo akoreshwa mubice bimwe byitaruye cyangwa ibikorwa byumurima.Kubwibyo, mbere yo kugura moteri ya mazutu, kugirango tumenye neza ko generator ishobora gutanga amashanyarazi nibikorwa byiza, birakenewe ko dusobanukirwa neza kilowatts (kilowati), amperes ya kilovolt (kVA), hamwe nimbaraga (PF) The itandukaniro hagati yabo ni ngombwa:
Kilowatt (kW) ikoreshwa mu gupima amashanyarazi nyirizina itangwa na generator, ikoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi n'ibikoresho mu nyubako.
Gupima imbaraga zigaragara muri kilovolt amperes (kVA).Ibi birimo imbaraga zikora (kW), kimwe nimbaraga zidasanzwe (kVAR) zikoreshwa nibikoresho nka moteri na transformateur.Imbaraga zifatika ntizikoreshwa, ariko zizenguruka hagati yimbaraga nimbaraga.
Imbaraga zingirakamaro ni igipimo cyimbaraga zikora nimbaraga zigaragara.Niba inyubako ikoresha 900kW na 1000kVA, ingufu ni 0,90 cyangwa 90%.
Icyapa cyerekana moteri ya mazutu cyapanze agaciro ka kW, kVA, na PF.Kugirango umenye neza ko ushobora guhitamo moteri ya mazutu ikwiranye nawe ubwawe, icyifuzo cyiza nukugira injeniyeri wamashanyarazi wabigize umwuga agena ingano yisegonda.
Umusaruro wa kilowatt ntarengwa wa generator ugenwa na moteri ya mazutu uyitwara.Kurugero, tekereza kuri moteri itwarwa na moteri ya mazutu 1000 yingufu za mazutu ikora neza 95%:
Imbaraga zinguvu 1000 zingana na kilowati 745.7, nimbaraga za shaft zihabwa generator.
Imikorere ya 95%, imbaraga zisohoka zingana na 708.4kW
Kurundi ruhande, kilovolt ntarengwa ampere biterwa na voltage yagenwe hamwe numuyoboro wa generator.Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo kurenza urugero rwa generator:
Niba umutwaro uhujwe na generator urenze kilowat yagenwe, bizarenza moteri.
Kurundi ruhande, niba umutwaro urenze kVA yagenwe, bizarenza generator ihindagurika.
Ni ngombwa kuzirikana ibi, nkaho niyo umutwaro muri kilowatts uri munsi yagaciro kagereranijwe, generator irashobora kurenza urugero muri kilovolt amperes.
Niba inyubako itwara 1000kW na 1100kVA, ingufu ziziyongera kugera kuri 91%, ariko ntizarenza ubushobozi bwamashanyarazi.
Ku rundi ruhande, niba generator ikora kuri 1100kW na 1250kVA, ingufu ziyongera gusa kuri 88%, ariko moteri ya mazutu iraremerewe.
Amashanyarazi ya Diesel nayo arashobora kuremerwa na kVA gusa.Niba ibikoresho bikora kuri 950kW na 1300kVA (73% PF), kabone niyo moteri ya mazutu yaba itaremerewe, umuyaga uzaba uremerewe.
Muncamake, moteri ya mazutu irashobora kurenza imbaraga zabo zapimwe ntakibazo, mugihe kW na kVA bigumye munsi yagaciro kabo.Ntabwo byemewe gukora munsi ya PF yagenwe, kuko imikorere ya generator iba mike.Hanyuma, kurenza igipimo cya kilo cyangwa kVA byangiza ibikoresho.
Ukuntu Imbaraga Ziyobora kandi Zitinda Zifata Amashanyarazi ya Diesel
Niba gusa kurwanya byahujwe na generator na voltage hamwe nubu bigapimwa, imiyoboro ya AC ya AC izahuza mugihe yerekanwe kubikoresho bya digitale.Ibimenyetso bibiri bisimburana hagati yagaciro keza nibibi, ariko byambukiranya 0V na 0A icyarimwe.Muyandi magambo, voltage nubu biri murwego.
Muri iki kibazo, imbaraga zumutwaro ni 1.0 cyangwa 100%.Nyamara, imbaraga zibikoresho byinshi mumazu ntabwo ari 100%, bivuze ko imbaraga zabo hamwe numuyoboro bizashira hamwe:
Niba amashanyarazi ya AC ayoboye ayobora amashanyarazi, umutwaro ufite imbaraga zitinda.Imizigo hamwe niyi myitwarire yitwa imitwaro ya inductive, irimo moteri yamashanyarazi na transformateur.
Kurundi ruhande, niba ikigezweho kiyobora voltage, umutwaro ufite imbaraga ziyobora.Umutwaro hamwe niyi myitwarire witwa capacitive umutwaro, urimo bateri, amabanki ya capacitor, hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Inyubako nyinshi zifite imitwaro yindobanure kuruta imitwaro ya capacitive.Ibi bivuze ko imbaraga rusange muri rusange zikiri inyuma, kandi moteri ya mazutu yashizweho kubwubu bwoko bwimitwaro.Ariko, niba inyubako ifite imitwaro myinshi yubushobozi, nyirayo agomba kwitonda kuko amashanyarazi ya generator azahinduka nkuko imbaraga zitera imbere.Ibi bizatera kurinda byikora, guhagarika igikoresho ninyubako.
https://www.igikoresho cyimbaraga.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-23-2024