Abstract: Igikoresho cya silinderi ya moteri ya mazutu yashizwemo ni joriji ebyiri zo guterana zikora mubihe bigoye byakazi nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko mwinshi, amavuta mabi, imitwaro isimburana, hamwe na ruswa.Nyuma yo gukoresha moteri ya mazutu yashizweho mugihe runaka, hashobora kubaho silinderi igaragara, gutwika amavuta yo gusiga, nimbaraga zidahagije, biterwa no kwambara kare cyane ya silinderi.Iyo kwambara hakiri kare bibaye kumurongo wa silinderi, birashobora guhindura imbaraga, ubukungu, nubuzima bwa serivisi ya moteri ya mazutu.Nyuma yo gukora ubushakashatsi ku isoko n’ikigo, byagaragaye ko bamwe mu bakoresha baguze moteri ya mazutu itaragera mu gihe cyo kuvugurura.Nyamara, amashanyarazi menshi yagiye yangirika imburagihe.Impamvu nyamukuru zibitera nuko batakurikije byimazeyo ibisabwa byo kubungabunga no gusana, kandi ntibamenyereye imikorere yimikorere ya generator.Baracyayikoresha bakurikije imyumvire mibi gakondo.
1 、 Isesengura ryibintu bigira ingaruka kumyambarire ya kare ya silinderi
Abakoresha benshi bahuye no kwambara imburagihe ya silinderi mugihe cyo kuyikoresha, kandi bamwe bahuye nibibazo nko gukurura silinderi no kumena impeta ya piston.Impamvu zibi byangiritse nizi zikurikira:
1. Kudakurikiza kwiruka mubisobanuro
Amashanyarazi mashya cyangwa yavuguruwe ashyirwa mubikorwa bitarinze gukurikiza byimazeyo ibisobanuro, bishobora gutera kwambara no kurira cyane kumurongo wa silinderi no mubindi bice bya moteri ya mazutu mugice cyambere, bigabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi bwibi bice.Kubwibyo, birasabwa ko amashanyarazi mashya kandi avugururwa agomba gukurikiza byimazeyo ibisabwa kugirango akore kandi akore igeragezwa.
2. Kubungabunga uburangare
Amashanyarazi amwe n'amwe ya mazutu akenshi akorera ahantu h'umukungugu, kandi abayikora bamwe ntibakomeza kwitondera akayunguruzo ko mu kirere, bigatuma umwuka uva mu gice cyo gufunga, bigatuma umwuka mwinshi udahumeka winjira muri silinderi mu buryo butaziguye, bikabije kwambara imyenda ya silinderi. , piston, na piston impeta.Niyo mpamvu, birasabwa ko abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga bagomba kugenzura byimazeyo kandi bitonze kandi bakabungabunga akayunguruzo ko mu kirere kuri gahunda kugirango birinde umwuka udahumeka kwinjira muri silinderi.Byongeye kandi, nyuma yo kuyitaho, akayunguruzo ko mu kirere ntabwo kashyizweho neza, hamwe na kaburimbo zabuze za reberi hamwe na bolts zifata ntizizirike, bikaviramo kwambara hakiri kare.
3. Kurenza imikoreshereze
Iyo moteri ya mazutu ikoreshwa kenshi kurenza urugero, ubushyuhe bwumubiri burazamuka, amavuta yo kwisiga aba yoroheje, kandi amavuta yo kwisiga arangirika.Muri icyo gihe, kubera itangwa ryinshi rya lisansi mugihe cyo gukora ibintu birenze urugero, lisansi ntabwo yaka rwose, kandi imyuka ya karubone muri silinderi irakomeye, ibyo bikaba byongera kwambara imyenda ya silinderi, piston, nimpeta za piston.Cyane cyane iyo impeta ya piston igumye mumashanyarazi, umurongo wa silinderi urashobora gukururwa.Niyo mpamvu, hagomba kwitonderwa gukumira imikorere irenze urugero ya moteri ya mazutu no gukomeza tekiniki nziza.Byongeye kandi, hari ububiko bwinshi cyane hejuru yikigega cyamazi.Niba bidasukuwe mugihe, bizagira ingaruka kumirasire yubushyuhe kandi bitera kwiyongera gukabije kwubushyuhe bwakazi bwa moteri ya mazutu, bikavamo piston ifatanye na silinderi.
4. Igihe kirekire ntakoreshwa
Igihe kirekire gukoresha moteri ya mazutu idafite umutwaro irashobora kandi kwihutisha kwambara ibice bya compression.Ibi biterwa ahanini nuko moteri ikora kuri trottle nkeya igihe kirekire, kandi ubushyuhe bwumubiri buri hasi.Iyo lisansi yinjijwe muri silinderi hanyuma igahura n'umwuka ukonje, ntishobora gutwikwa rwose, kandi ikamesa amavuta yo kwisiga kurukuta rwa silinderi.Muri icyo gihe, itanga amashanyarazi ya ruswa, yongerera imbaraga imashini ya silinderi.Kubwibyo, moteri ya mazutu ntabwo yemerewe gukora umwanya muremure kuri trottle.
5. Ikosa ryinteko
Impeta ya mbere ya moteri ya mazutu ni chrome isize impeta yo mu kirere, kandi chamfer igomba kuba ireba hejuru mugihe cyo kuyitunganya no kuyiteranya.Bamwe mu bakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga ibikoresho bashyira impeta ya piston hejuru hanyuma bakayitondekanya hepfo, ibyo bikaba bifite ingaruka zo gusiba kandi bikarushaho gusiga amavuta, bikarushaho kwambara imyenda ya silinderi, piston, nimpeta za piston.Kubwibyo, birakenewe kwitonda kugirango udashyiraho impeta ya piston hejuru mugihe cyo kuyitaho.
6. Ibipimo bidakwiye byo kubungabunga
(1) Mugihe cyo kubungabunga, witondere isuku yibice, ibikoresho, n'amaboko yawe bwite.Ntuzane ibikoresho byangiza nko gushiramo ibyuma hamwe nicyondo muri silinderi, bishobora gutera kwambara hakiri kare.
.Ibi byatumye umutwe wa piston ushyuha cyane kubera gukonja nabi, kwihutisha kwambara silinderi na piston.Mu bihe bikomeye, byanatumye impeta ya piston ihinduka kandi imeneka muri ruhago, banki yimpeta yangirika.
7. Uburyo budakwiye bwo kubungabunga
.Ibi ntibizatera gusa kwambara hakiri kare ibishishwa, ariko nanone bizatera kwambara hakiri kare ibice nka silinderi.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kwitondera isuku yamavuta yo gusiga nibikoresho byuzuza.Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kubungabunga isuku nisuku aho ikoreshwa.
.Abakozi bashinzwe kuyobora ntibabagenzuye neza bihagije, kandi umwanya muremure watumye kwambara hakiri kare.
8. Kwambara biterwa n'impamvu zubatswe
(1) Uburyo bubi bwo gusiga butera kwambara cyane mugice cyo hejuru cya silinderi.Igice cyo hejuru cya silinderi yegeranye nicyumba cyaka, hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi nuburyo bwo gusiga nabi.Umwuka mwiza hamwe na lisansi idateganijwe gukaraba no kuyungurura, bikarushaho kwangirika kwimiterere yo hejuru, bigatuma silinderi iba mumashanyarazi yumye cyangwa igice cyumye, niyo mpamvu yo kwambara cyane mugice cyo hejuru cya silinderi.
(2) Igice cyo hejuru gifite umuvuduko mwinshi, bigatuma silinderi yambara cyane kandi byoroshye.Impeta ya piston irakanda cyane kurukuta rwa silinderi munsi yimbaraga zayo zoroshye kandi nigitutu cyinyuma.Iyo umuvuduko mwinshi, niko bigoye gukora no kubungabunga firime yamavuta yo kwisiga, kandi kwambara imashini birakomera.Mugihe cyakazi, nkuko piston imanuka, umuvuduko mwiza ugenda ugabanuka gahoro gahoro, bigatuma silinderi yo hejuru iremereye kandi yoroshye.
(3) Acide minerval na acide organic bitera kwangirika no gukonjesha hejuru ya silinderi.Nyuma yo gutwikwa kuvangwa kwaka muri silinderi, havamo umwuka wamazi na okiside ya aside irike, bigashonga mumazi bigakora acide minerval.Byongeye kandi, acide kama ikomoka mugihe cyo gutwikwa igira ingaruka mbi kuri silinderi.Ibintu byangirika bigenda bikurwaho buhoro buhoro nimpeta ya piston mugihe cyo guterana amagambo, bigatera ihinduka ryumurongo wa silinderi.
(4) Kwinjiza umwanda wubukanishi byongera kwambara hagati ya silinderi.Umukungugu wo mu kirere hamwe n’umwanda mu mavuta yo gusiga urashobora kwinjira mu rukuta rwa piston na silinderi, bigatera kwambara nabi.Iyo umukungugu cyangwa umwanda bigenda bisubira inyuma hamwe na piston muri silinderi, kwambara hagati ya silinderi birakomera kubera umuvuduko mwinshi wo kugenda mumwanya wo hagati wa silinderi.
2 、 Kubungabunga imyenda ya silinderi
1. Ibiranga kwambara hakiri kare
Igipimo cyo kwambara cyuma cya silinderi yicyuma kirenze 0.1mm / kh, kandi hejuru yumurongo wa silinderi ni umwanda, hamwe nibintu bigaragara byo gukurura cyangwa kuruma nko gushushanya, gushushanya, n'amarira.Urukuta rwa silinderi rufite ibintu byaka nkubururu;Ibice by'ibicuruzwa byambara ni binini.
2. Ingaruka nibisabwa kwambara silinderi
(1) Ingaruka: Ubunini bwurukuta buragabanuka, kuzenguruka hamwe namakosa ya silindrike ariyongera.Iyo kwambara kwa silinderi birenze (0.4% ~ 0.8%) D, urugereko rwaka rutakaza kashe kandi ingufu za moteri ya mazutu iragabanuka.
.
3. Uburyo bwo gutahura imyenda ya silinderi
Kumenya kwambara hejuru yumuzingi wimbere ya moteri ya moteri ya mazutu irashobora gukorwa cyane muburyo bukurikira:
.
(2) Uburyo bwo kugenzura bugaragara: Koresha amaso yambaye ubusa cyangwa microscope kugirango urebe neza imyambarire hejuru yimbere ya silinderi.Mubisanzwe, amakarita yerekana cyangwa abategetsi runaka bakoreshwa mugufasha kumenya uburebure bwimyambarire.
.
.
(5) Uburyo butamenyekana
Niba nta shusho ihagaze yo gupima kandi hakabura amabwiriza nibindi bikoresho, imyanya ine ikurikira irashobora koherezwa kubipimo byo kwambara bya silinderi:
① Iyo piston iri hejuru yapfuye hagati, umwanya wurukuta rwa silinderi uhuye nimpeta ya piston yambere;
② Iyo piston iri hagati yigitereko cyayo, umwanya wurukuta rwa silinderi ihuye nimpeta ya piston yambere;
③ Iyo piston iri hagati yigitereko cyayo, urukuta rwa silinderi ruhuye nimpeta yanyuma ya peteroli.
3 、 Ingamba zo kwirinda kwambara hakiri kare
1. Gukosora neza
Iyo utangiye moteri ya mazutu hamwe na moteri ikonje, ubushyuhe buke, ubukonje bwinshi bwamavuta, hamwe n’amazi mabi bituma amavuta adahagije ava muri pompe yamavuta.Muri icyo gihe, amavuta kurukuta rwumwimerere rwa silinderi atemba hejuru yurukuta rwa silinderi nyuma yo gufunga, bikavamo amavuta mabi mugihe cyo gutangira, bigatuma imyenda yiyongera kurukuta rwa silinderi mugihe utangiye.Kubwibyo.Mugihe utangiye kunshuro yambere, moteri ya mazutu igomba gushyukwa mugihe cyo kudakora imizigo, hanyuma igakoreshwa kumuzigo mugihe ubushyuhe bukonje bugera kuri 60 ℃.
2. Guhitamo neza amavuta yo gusiga
.Gushimangira kubungabunga “bitatu muyungurura” ni ingamba zingenzi zo gukumira umwanda w’imashini kwinjira muri silinderi, kugabanya kwambara silinderi, no kongera igihe cya serivisi ya moteri.By'ingenzi cyane mu cyaro n'umuyaga n'umusenyi.
(2) Witondere kugenzura kashe iri imbere ya firimu ya peteroli.Uburyo bwo kugenzura ni ukureba ko nta myuka y'amazi iri mu muyoboro uhumeka wa crankcase.Niba hari umwuka wamazi, byerekana ko mumazi ya moteri arimo amazi.Iyo ibi bihe bikomeye, amavuta ya moteri azahinduka amata yera.Iyo ufunguye igifuniko cya valve, ibitonyanga byamazi birashobora kugaragara.Iyo ukuyeho amavuta ya moteri ya moteri, usanga imbere harimo amazi.Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kugenzura niba hari amavuta yiyongera mu isafuriya ya peteroli mugihe ukoreshwa, kandi niba imbere harimo mazutu.Niba ihari, inshinge za lisansi zigomba kugenzurwa no guhinduka.
3. Komeza ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa moteri ya mazutu
Ubushyuhe busanzwe bwa moteri ya mazutu ni 80-90 ℃.Niba ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane kandi amavuta meza ntashobora kugumaho, bizongera kwambara urukuta rwa silinderi.Imyuka y'amazi iri imbere muri silinderi izahurira mu bitonyanga by'amazi, gushonga molekile ya gaze ya acide muri gaze isohoka, ikabyara ibintu bya aside, kandi igatera ruswa kandi ikambara kurukuta rwa silinderi.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko iyo ubushyuhe bwurukuta rwa silinderi bugabanutse kuva kuri 90 ℃ kugeza kuri 50 ℃, kwambara silinderi bikubye inshuro enye za 90 ℃.Niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, bizagabanya imbaraga za silinderi kandi byongere imbaraga zo kwambara, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma piston yaguka cyane kandi bigatera impanuka "kwagura silinderi".Kubwibyo, ubushyuhe bwamazi ya moteri ya mazutu bugomba kubungabungwa hagati ya 74 ~ 91 ℃ kandi ntiburenze 93 ℃.Mubyongeyeho, birakenewe kwemeza uruzinduko rusanzwe rwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha.Niba hari ibicuruzwa bikonje biboneka mu kigega cyo kwaguka, bigomba kugenzurwa no kuvanwaho mu gihe gikwiye.
4. Kunoza ireme ryo kubungabunga
Mugihe cyo gukoresha, hita ukemura ibibazo byose hanyuma usimbuze cyangwa usane ibice byangiritse cyangwa byahinduwe igihe icyo aricyo cyose.Mugihe ushyira silinderi, birakenewe kugenzura neza no guterana ukurikije ibisabwa bya tekiniki.Mubikorwa byo gusimbuza garanti, hitamo impeta ya piston hamwe na elastique ikwiye.Niba elastique ari nto cyane, gaze izinjira mu gikarito hanyuma ihanagure amavuta kurukuta rwa silinderi, byongere kwambara urukuta rwa silinderi;Elastique ikabije izongera mu buryo butaziguye kwambara urukuta rwa silinderi, cyangwa kongera imyambarire yayo kubera kwangirika kwa firime yamavuta kurukuta rwa silinderi.
5. Shimangira kubungabunga
.By'umwihariko akayunguruzo ko mu kirere kagomba kubungabungwa buri gihe, umuyoboro winjira ugomba kuba utarangiritse nta cyangiritse, isuku igomba gukorwa neza, kandi guterana bigomba gukorwa neza ukurikije ibisabwa bitatakaje ibice cyangwa ngo bigabanye umwuka.Iyo urumuri rwo kurwanya akayunguruzo rwerekana urumuri ku bikoresho byabigenewe ruri mu gihe cyo gukoresha, byerekana ko kurwanya akayunguruzo kageze kuri 6kPa, kandi ikintu cyo kuyungurura kigomba guhanagurwa cyangwa gusimburwa ako kanya.
(2) Kugabanya umubare wubukonje butangira moteri ya mazutu bishoboka.
(3) Komeza ubushyuhe busanzwe bwo gukora bwa moteri ya mazutu kandi wirinde gukora igihe kirekire munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi nuburemere buremereye.
(4) Koresha amavuta yo gusiga yujuje ibisabwa kugirango amavuta meza;Kurikiza byimazeyo inzira yo gukoresha kugirango ukoreshe moteri ya mazutu.
(5) Isuku ryuzuye rya mazutu rigomba kubahirizwa.Kubera ko isuku ya mazutu igira ingaruka itaziguye mubuzima bwa serivisi ya pompe yamavuta yumuvuduko mwinshi hamwe ninshinge, abayikora basaba ko mazutu yakoreshejwe isukurwa.Mubisanzwe, mazutu igomba kumara amasaha 48 yimyanda mbere yo kongeramo lisansi.Iyo lisansi, hagomba kandi kwitabwaho isuku yibikoresho bitandukanye bya lisansi.Byongeye kandi, birakenewe gukurikiza imirimo ya buri munsi yo gutandukanya amavuta-amazi.Twabibutsa ko niyo hakoreshwa mazutu yatunganijwe, biragoye kwemeza ko idafite amazi.Ariko, mubikorwa bifatika, abakoresha benshi bakunze kwirengagiza iyi ngingo, bikaviramo kwirundanya cyane.
Incamake:
Twabibutsa ko igikoresho cyo kwipimisha gikwiye kandi kigomba kugumaho mugihe cyo kwipimisha.Kwipimisha bigomba gukorerwa ahantu hasukuye kugirango hirindwe amakosa, kandi urwego rwo kwambara rugomba gusuzumwa hashingiwe kumiterere nyayo yo gusaba kugirango hamenyekane niba gusana cyangwa gusimburwa ari ngombwa.Imyitozo yerekanye ko mugihe ingamba zasobanuwe muriyi ngingo zikurikijwe byimazeyo, kwangirika hakiri kare kuri silinderi yumuriro wa mazutu birashobora gukumirwa neza, kandi ubuzima bwumurimo wa moteri ya mazutu burashobora kwagurwa neza, bityo bikazana inyungu nyinshi mubukungu.
https://www.igikoresho cyimbaraga.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-14-2024