1、 Iburira ry'umutekano
1. Mbere yo gutangira moteri ya mazutu, ibikoresho byose birinda bigomba kuba bitarangiritse kandi bitarangiritse, cyane cyane ibice bizunguruka nkigifuniko gikingira icyuma gikonjesha hamwe nuruvange rwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa generator, bigomba gushyirwaho neza kugirango birinde.
2. Mbere yo gukora, kugenzura no gukingira ibikoresho byamashanyarazi nimirongo ihuza umurongo wa generator bigomba gushyirwaho no guhuzwa, kandi hagomba gukorwa igenzura ryuzuye rya generator kugirango harebwe niba moteri ya mazutu imeze neza.
3. Ibikoresho byose byubutaka bya generator bigomba kuba byifashe neza kandi bihujwe neza.
4. Inzugi zose zifunze nibifuniko bigomba kuba bifite umutekano mbere yo gukora.
5. Uburyo bwo gufata neza bushobora kuba bukubiyemo ibice biremereye cyangwa ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi byangiza ubuzima.Kubwibyo, abashoramari bagomba guhugurwa kubwumwuga, kandi birasabwa kudakoresha ibikoresho byonyine.Umuntu agomba gufasha mugihe cyakazi kugirango akumire impanuka kandi ahite akemura ibibazo bitandukanye.
6. Mbere yo gufata neza no gusana ibikoresho, ingufu za bateri ya moteri ya moteri itangiza moteri igomba guhagarikwa kugirango ikumire impanuka nimpanuka zatewe na moteri ya mazutu itangira.
2 use Gukoresha neza lisansi n'amavuta
Amavuta ya lisansi n'amavuta azarakaza uruhu, kandi guhura igihe kirekire bizangiza uruhu.Niba uruhu ruhuye namavuta, rugomba guhanagurwa neza hamwe na gel cyangwa isuku mugihe.Abakozi bahuye nakazi kajyanye namavuta bagomba kwambara uturindantoki two gukingira kandi bagafata ingamba zikwiye zo kubarinda.
1. Ingamba zo kwirinda lisansi
(1) Kongera amavuta
Mbere yo kongeramo lisansi, birakenewe kumenya ubwoko nubwinshi bwamavuta yabitswe muri buri kigega cya lisansi, kugirango amavuta mashya kandi ashaje abike ukwe.Nyuma yo kumenya ikigega cya lisansi nubunini, reba sisitemu ya peteroli, fungura neza kandi ufunge neza, hanyuma wibande kugenzura ahantu hashobora gutemba.Kunywa itabi no gufungura umuriro bigomba kubuzwa ahantu peteroli na gaze bishobora gukwirakwira mugihe cyo gupakira amavuta.Abakozi bapakira amavuta bagomba kwizirika ku myanya yabo, bagakurikiza byimazeyo uburyo bwo gukora, bagasobanukirwa aho amavuta apakira, kandi bakirinda kwiruka, kumeneka, no kumeneka.Kunywa itabi birabujijwe iyo wongeyeho lisansi, kandi lisansi ntigomba kuzuzwa.Nyuma yo kongeramo lisansi, igitoro cya peteroli kigomba gufungwa neza.
(2) Guhitamo lisansi
Niba lisansi yujuje ubuziranenge ikoreshwa, irashobora gutuma inkoni igenzura ya moteri ya mazutu ikomera hamwe na moteri ya mazutu ikazunguruka cyane, bigatera kwangirika kwa moteri ya mazutu.Amavuta yo mu rwego rwo hasi arashobora kandi kugabanya uburyo bwo gufata neza moteri ya mazutu, kongera amafaranga yo kubungabunga, no kugabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi ya generator.Nibyiza rero gukoresha lisansi isabwa mumfashanyigisho.
(3) Muri peteroli harimo ubuhehere
Iyo ukoresheje amashanyarazi akoreshwa cyane cyangwa mugihe amazi ya lisansi ari menshi, birasabwa gushyiramo amavuta-yamazi kuri generator kugirango harebwe niba lisansi yinjira mumubiri idafite amazi cyangwa andi mwanda.Kuberako amazi yo muri lisansi ashobora gutera ingese yibice byicyuma muri sisitemu ya lisansi, kandi birashobora no gutuma imikurire yibihumyo na mikorobe ikura mu kigega cya lisansi, bityo bikabuza kuyungurura.
2. Ingamba zo kwirinda peteroli
(1) Ubwa mbere, amavuta afite ububobere buke buke agomba gutoranywa kugirango amavuta asanzwe yimashini.Kuri generator zimwe zifite imyenda iremereye kandi iremereye, hagomba gukoreshwa amavuta ya moteri ya viscosity yo hejuru.Mugihe utera amavuta, ntukavange ivumbi, amazi, nibindi bisigazwa mumavuta ya moteri;
(2) Amavuta yakozwe ninganda zitandukanye nicyiciro gitandukanye arashobora kuvangwa mugihe bibaye ngombwa, ariko ntashobora kubikwa hamwe.
(3) Kongera igihe cyakazi cyamavuta ya moteri, amavuta ashaje agomba kuvanwa mugihe uhinduye amavuta.Amavuta ya moteri yakoreshejwe, kubera okiside yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, asanzwe arimo ibintu byinshi bya acide, isuka yumukara, amazi, n umwanda.Ntabwo byangiza gusa moteri ya mazutu, ahubwo binangiza amavuta ya moteri mashya yongeweho, bigira ingaruka kumikorere yabo.
(4) Iyo uhinduye amavuta, filteri yamavuta nayo igomba gusimburwa.Nyuma yo gukoresha igihe kirekire, hazaba umubare munini wumukara wumukara, ibintu bitobora, nibindi byanduye byometse mubintu byo kuyungurura amavuta, bizacika intege cyangwa gutakaza burundu imikorere yabyo byo kuyungurura, binanirwa gutanga uburinzi bukenewe, kandi bitera guhagarika amavuta yo kwisiga.Mugihe gikomeye, irashobora kwangiza moteri ya mazutu, nko gufata shitingi, gutwika amatafari, no gukurura silinderi.
.Niba hiyongereyeho amavuta menshi yo gusiga, kurwanya imikorere yibice bigize moteri ya mazutu biziyongera, bitera gutakaza ingufu bitari ngombwa.Ibinyuranye na byo, niba hiyongereyeho amavuta make yo gusiga, bimwe mubice bigize moteri ya mazutu, nka camshafts, valve, nibindi, ntibishobora kwakira amavuta ahagije, bikaviramo kwambara.Iyo wongeyeho bwa mbere, iyongereho gato;
(6) Itegereze umuvuduko nubushyuhe bwamavuta ya moteri igihe icyo aricyo cyose mugihe ukora.Niba hari ibintu bidasanzwe bibonetse, hagarika imashini ako kanya kugirango igenzurwe;
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(8) Amavuta ya moteri yijimye arakwiriye ahantu hakonje cyane kandi agomba gukoreshwa muburyo bukwiye.Mugihe cyo gukoresha, amavuta ya moteri yijimye akunda guhinduka umukara, kandi umuvuduko wamavuta ya moteri uri munsi yamavuta asanzwe, nikintu gisanzwe.
3 use Gukoresha neza ibicurane
Ubuzima bwiza bwa serivisi ya coolant muri rusange ni imyaka ibiri, kandi bugomba gusimburwa mugihe antifreeze irangiye cyangwa ibicurane byanduye.
1. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha igomba kuzuzwa na coolant isukuye mumashanyarazi cyangwa guhinduranya ubushyuhe mbere yuko amashanyarazi akora.
2. Ntutangire gushyushya mugihe nta gukonjesha muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha cyangwa moteri ikora, bitabaye ibyo bishobora guteza ibyangiritse.
3. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gukonjesha amazi arashobora gutera umuriro mwinshi.Mugihe moteri ya mazutu idakonje, ntukingure ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe nigitutu cyinshi cyo gukonjesha ikigega cyamazi gikonjesha muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha, hamwe n'amacomeka y'imiyoboro y'amazi.
4. Irinde kumeneka gukonje, nkigisubizo cyo kumeneka ntigitera gusa gutakaza ibicurane gusa, ahubwo binagabanya amavuta ya moteri kandi bigatera imikorere mibi ya sisitemu;
5. Irinde guhura nuruhu;
6. Tugomba kubahiriza gukoresha ubukonje umwaka wose kandi tukitondera gukomeza gukoresha ibicurane;
7. Hitamo ubwoko bwa coolant ukurikije imiterere yihariye iranga moteri zitandukanye za mazutu;
8. Kugura ibicuruzwa bikonje byakonje byageragejwe kandi byujuje ibisabwa;
9. Ibyiciro bitandukanye bya coolant ntibishobora kuvangwa no gukoreshwa;
4 use Gukoresha neza bateri
Niba uyikoresha akurikiza ingamba zikurikira mugihe akoresheje bateri ya aside-aside, izaba ifite umutekano cyane.Kugirango umutekano ubeho, birakenewe gukora no kubungabunga bateri neza ukurikije ibyifuzo byabayikoze.Abakozi bahuye na acide electrolytike bagomba kwambara imyenda ikingira, cyane cyane kurinda amaso yabo.
1. Electrolyte
Bateri ya aside irike irimo ubumara kandi bwangirika bwa acide sulfurike, ishobora gutera umuriro mugihe uhuye nuruhu n'amaso.Niba aside sulfurike isutse ku ruhu, igomba guhita yozwa n'amazi meza.Niba electrolyte isutse mumaso, igomba guhita yozwa namazi meza hanyuma ikoherezwa mubitaro kwivuza.
2. Gazi
Batteri irashobora kurekura imyuka iturika.Birakenewe rero gutandukanya flash, spark, fireworks muri bateri.Ntunywe itabi hafi ya bateri mugihe urimo kwishyuza kugirango wirinde impanuka.
Mbere yo guhuza no guhagarika ipaki ya batiri, kurikiza intambwe nziza.Mugihe uhuza paki ya bateri, huza pole nziza mbere hanyuma pole mbi.Mugihe uhagaritse ipaki ya batiri, kura banza pole itari nziza hanyuma pole nziza.Mbere yo gufunga switch, menya neza ko insinga zahujwe neza.Ahantu ho kubika cyangwa kwishyiriraho paki ya bateri igomba kuba ifite umwuka mwiza.
3. Electrolyte ivanze
Niba electrolyte yabonetse yibanze, igomba kuvangwa namazi yasabwe nuwabikoze mbere yo kuyakoresha, byaba byiza n'amazi yatoboye.Igikoresho gikwiye kigomba gukoreshwa mugutegura igisubizo, kuko kirimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibikoresho bisanzwe byikirahure ntibikwiye.
Iyo kuvanga, ingamba zikurikira zo gukumira zigomba gukurikizwa:
Ubwa mbere, ongeramo amazi mubintu bivanga.Noneho shyiramo aside sulfurike gahoro gahoro, witonze, kandi ubudahwema.Ongeraho gato icyarimwe.Ntuzigere wongera amazi mubintu birimo aside sulfurike, kuko kumeneka bishobora guteza akaga.Abakoresha bagomba kwambara amadarubindi hamwe na gants, imyenda y'akazi (cyangwa imyenda ishaje), n'inkweto z'akazi mugihe bakora.Hisha imvange kubushyuhe bwicyumba mbere yo kuyikoresha.
5 safety Umutekano wo gufata amashanyarazi
(1) Ibice byose bishobora gufungwa bigomba gufungwa mugihe gikora, kandi urufunguzo rugomba gucungwa numuntu witanze.Ntugasige urufunguzo mu mwobo.
(2) Mugihe cyihutirwa, abakozi bose bagomba kuba bashoboye gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura amashanyarazi.Abakozi bakora uyu murimo bagomba guhugurwa no kumenyekana.
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(4) Mbere yo guhuza cyangwa guhagarika umuzunguruko, birakenewe kurinda umutekano wumuzunguruko.
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(6) Iyo imbaraga zikomeye zitemba zerekeza kuri bateri, guhuza nabi bishobora gutera ibyuma gushonga.Umurongo uwo ariwo wose usohoka uhereye kuri pole nziza ya bateri,
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6 use Gukoresha neza amavuta yagabanutse
(1) Amavuta asukuye ni uburozi kandi agomba gukoreshwa cyane ukurikije amabwiriza yabakozwe.
(2) Irinde gukora ku ruhu n'amaso.
(3) Kwambara imyenda y'akazi mugihe ukoresheje, wibuke kurinda amaboko n'amaso, kandi witondere guhumeka.
(4) Niba amavuta yangiritse ahuye nuruhu, agomba kwozwa namazi ashyushye nisabune.
(5) Niba amavuta yagabanutse asuka mumaso, kwoza amazi menshi.Kandi uhite ujya mubitaro kwisuzumisha.
7 Urusaku
Urusaku bivuga amajwi yangiza ubuzima bwabantu.Urusaku rushobora kubangamira imikorere myiza, gutera impungenge, kurangaza ibitekerezo, cyane cyane bigira ingaruka kumurimo utoroshye cyangwa ubuhanga.Irabuza kandi itumanaho n'ibimenyetso byo kuburira, biganisha ku mpanuka.Urusaku rwangiza kubumva, kandi guturika gutunguranye kw urusaku rwinshi birashobora gutuma abakozi bumva igihe gito muminsi ikurikiranye.Guhura kenshi n urusaku rwinshi birashobora kandi kwangiza kwangirika kwimbere yimbere yugutwi no kunanirwa kwumva, kudakira.Bitewe n'urusaku rwaturutse mu mikorere ya generator, abashoramari bagomba kwambara impeta zidafite amajwi n'imyenda y'akazi mugihe bakora iruhande rwa generator, kandi bagafata ingamba zikwiye z'umutekano.
Hatitawe ku kumenya niba ibikoresho bitangiza amajwi byashyizwe mu cyumba cya generator, hagomba kwambara impeta zidafite amajwi.Abakozi bose hafi yumurongo wa generator bagomba kwambara impeta zidafite amajwi.Hano hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kwirinda urusaku:
1. Manika ibyapa byo kuburira umutekano cyane cyane aho ukorera aho hagomba kwambara impeta zidafite amajwi,
2.Mu rwego rwakazi rwa generator yashizweho, birakenewe kugenzura iyinjira ryabatari abakozi.
3. Menya neza itangwa nogukoresha ibikoresho byujuje amajwi bidafite amajwi.
4. Abakoresha bagomba kwitondera kurinda kumva kwabo mugihe bakora.
8 measures Ingamba zo kuzimya umuriro
Ahantu hafite amashanyarazi, kuba hari amazi ni akaga gakomeye.Kubwibyo, ntihakagombye kubaho robine cyangwa indobo hafi yo gushyira amashanyarazi cyangwa ibikoresho.Mugihe usuzumye imiterere yikibanza, hagomba kwitonderwa ingaruka zishobora guterwa numuriro.Abashakashatsi ba Cummins bazishimira kuguha uburyo bukenewe bwo kwishyiriraho bidasanzwe.Hano hari inama zikwiye gusuzumwa.
(1) Ahantu hose ibigega bya lisansi ya buri munsi bitangwa na gravit cyangwa pompe z'amashanyarazi.Amashanyarazi ava mumatara maremare manini agomba kuba afite ibyuma bishobora guhita bizimya umuriro utunguranye.
(2) Ibikoresho biri mu kizimyamwoto bigomba kuba bikozwe mu ifuro kandi birashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye.
(3) Kuzimya umuriro bigomba guhora bishyirwa hafi ya generator hamwe nububiko bwa lisansi.
(4) Umuriro uba hagati ya peteroli n amashanyarazi ni mubi cyane, kandi hariho ubwoko buke cyane bwo kuzimya umuriro burahari.Muri iki kibazo, turasaba gukoresha BCF, karuboni ya dioxyde, cyangwa ifu yangiza;Ibiringiti bya asibesitosi nabyo ni ibikoresho byuzimya.Rubber irashobora kandi kuzimya umuriro wamavuta kure yibikoresho byamashanyarazi.
(5) Ahantu hashyizwe amavuta hagomba guhora hasukuye kugirango hirindwe amavuta.Turasaba ko dushyira imyunyu ngugu ntoya ya granulaire kurubuga, ariko ntukoreshe uduce duto twumucanga.Nyamara, ibiyikuramo nkibi nabyo bikurura ubuhehere, bubi mukarere gafite amashanyarazi, kimwe no gukuramo.Bagomba gutandukanywa n’ibikoresho bizimya umuriro, kandi abakozi bagomba kumenya ko ibyinjira n’ibishobora gukoreshwa ku mashanyarazi cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza.
(6) Umwuka ukonje urashobora gutembera hafi ya desiccant.Kubwibyo, mbere yo gutangira generator yashizweho, nibyiza koza neza neza bishoboka cyangwa ukuraho desiccant.
Iyo umuriro ubaye mucyumba cya generator, ahantu hamwe na hamwe, amabwiriza ateganya ko mugihe habaye inkongi y'umuriro mucyumba cya mudasobwa, ni ngombwa guhagarika byihutirwa guhagarika imikorere ya generator yashizweho kugirango ikureho ikibazo cyo kumeneka kwizuba muri mudasobwa umuriro wo mu cyumba.Cummins yateguye byumwihariko guhagarika gufunga byinjira byinjira muri generator hamwe no kugenzura kure cyangwa kwikorera wenyine, kugirango ukoreshe abakiriya.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-06-2024