Isesengura ryuburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo bwo gukoresha neza imashini zo gusudira amashanyarazi

Isesengura ryubuyobozi no kugenzura uburyo bwo gukoresha nezaImashini zo gusudira amashanyarazi

Impamvu nyamukuru itera impanuka zumutekano mumashini yo gusudira amashanyarazi nuko mugutunganya imashini no kuyitunganya, gukoresha imashini zo gusudira amashanyarazi bigomba gushyirwa mubikorwa ukurikije ibipimo bihuye, bitabaye ibyo hashobora kuvuka umutekano.Hariho impamvu zitandukanye zibangamira umutekano mubikorwa byo gusudira, kandi hariho impamvu nyinshi zishoboka zitera impanuka mugihe cyo gukora:

Ibishobora guhungabanya umutekano

1.Impanuka zo guhitanwa n'amashanyarazi zatewe no kumeneka kw'insinga.Bitewe nuko amashanyarazi ya mashini yo gusudira ahujwe neza nu mashanyarazi ya 2201380V AC, umubiri wumuntu umaze guhura niki gice cyumuzunguruko wamashanyarazi, nka switch, sock, hamwe numugozi wangiritse wa imashini yo gusudira, bizatera byoroshye impanuka zamashanyarazi.Cyane cyane iyo umugozi w'amashanyarazi ukeneye kunyura mu nzitizi nk'inzugi z'icyuma, biroroshye gutera impanuka z'amashanyarazi.
2.Ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi riterwa no kutagira umutwaro wa voltage yaimashini yo gusudira.Umuvuduko udafite imizigo yo gusudira amashanyarazi muri rusange uri hagati ya 60 na 90V, urenze imbaraga z'umutekano z'umubiri w'umuntu.Mubikorwa nyirizina, bitewe na voltage isanzwe muri rusange, ntabwo ifatanwa uburemere mubikorwa byo kuyobora.Byongeye kandi, hari amahirwe menshi yo guhura numuyoboro wamashanyarazi mubindi bice muriki gikorwa, nko gusudira ibice, gusudira, insinga, no gufatisha intebe zakazi.Iyi nzira niyo mpamvu nyamukuru itera gusudira impanuka zamashanyarazi.Kubwibyo rero, hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane cyane ikibazo cyumuriro wamashanyarazi uterwa na voltage yumuriro wa mashini yo gusudira mugihe cyo gusudira.
3.Impanuka zo guhitanwa n amashanyarazi zatewe ningamba mbi zo gushingira gusudira.Iyo imashini yo gusudira iremerewe igihe kirekire, cyane cyane iyo aho ikorera huzuye umukungugu cyangwa amavuta, urwego rwo kubika imashini yo gusudira rukunda gusaza no kwangirika.Byongeye kandi, habuze kubura kurinda cyangwa gushiraho ibikoresho bya zeru mugihe cyo gukoresha imashini yo gusudira, ishobora gukurura byoroshye impanuka ziva mumashini yo gusudira.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda

Kwirinda impanuka mugihe cyo gukoraamashanyarazi, cyangwa kugabanya igihombo cyatewe nimpanuka, birakenewe gukora ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi nincamake kubijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ry'umutekano ryimashini zisudira amashanyarazi.Hagomba gufatwa ingamba zigamije gukumira mbere y’ibibazo bihari, kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zo gukingira ibibazo byanze bikunze kugira ngo igikorwa kirangire neza kandi neza.Hazasesengurwa ingamba z'umutekano zo gukoresha imashini zo gusudira amashanyarazi, cyane cyane harimo ibintu bitanu bikurikira:

1.Kora ibidukikije bikora neza kumashini zo gusudira.Ibidukikije bikora neza kandi bihamye nibyo shingiro nifatizo kugirango habeho iterambere ryimikorere yo gusudira, kandi nicyo kintu cyibanze gisabwa kugirango twirinde impanuka zikomoka kumashanyarazi.Ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwibidukikije bukora busabwa kugenzurwa kuri 25. 40. Hagati ya c, ubuhehere bujyanye ntibugomba kurenza 90% byubushuhe bwibidukikije kuri 25 ℃.Iyo ubushyuhe cyangwa ubushuhe bwibikorwa byo gusudira bidasanzwe, ibikoresho bidasanzwe byo gusudira bikwiranye nibidukikije bigomba guhitamo kugirango umutekano wibikorwa byo gusudira.Iyo ushyizeho imashini yo gusudira amashanyarazi, igomba gushyirwa neza ahantu humye kandi ihumeka, mugihe kandi wirinze isuri yimyuka itandukanye yangiza n ivumbi ryiza kumashini yo gusudira.Impanuka zikomeye hamwe no kugongana bigomba kwirindwa mugihe cyakazi.Imashini zo gusudira zashyizwe hanze zigomba kuba zifite isuku kandi zidafite ubushuhe, kandi zifite ibikoresho birinda bishobora gukingira umuyaga n imvura.
2.Kureba ko imashini yo gusudira yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa.Kugirango harebwe niba imashini isudira ikoreshwa neza kandi isanzwe, ibice byose bizima byimashini yo gusudira bigomba kuba byiza kandi bikarindwa, cyane cyane hagati yigikonoshwa cyimashini yo gusudira nubutaka, kugirango imashini yose yo gusudira iba imeze neza kuzuza leta.Kugirango ukoreshe neza imashini zo gusudira amashanyarazi, agaciro kabo ko kurwanya insulasiyo kagomba kuba hejuru ya 1MQ, kandi umurongo utanga amashanyarazi ya mashini yo gusudira ntugomba kwangirika muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.Ibice byose byerekanwe kumashini yo gusudira bigomba kuba byitaruye kandi bikarindwa, kandi ibyuma bifata insinga bigomba gushyirwaho ibipfukisho birinda impanuka ziterwa n’amashanyarazi ziterwa no guhura nibintu bitwara cyangwa abandi bakozi.
3.Ibisabwa byumutekano muke wo gusudira imashini yamashanyarazi no gutanga amashanyarazi.Ihame ryingenzi ugomba gukurikiza muguhitamo insinga nuko mugihe inkoni yo gusudira ikora bisanzwe, kugabanuka kumashanyarazi kumurongo w'amashanyarazi bigomba kuba munsi ya 5% ya voltage ya gride.Kandi mugihe ushyira umugozi wamashanyarazi, ugomba kunyuzwa kurukuta cyangwa amacupa yinkingi yabugenewe ashoboka, kandi insinga ntizigomba gushyirwa kubutaka cyangwa ibikoresho kumurimo.Inkomoko yimbaraga za mashini yo gusudira igomba guhitamo kugirango ihuze na voltage ikora yagenwe ya mashini yo gusudira.Imashini yo gusudira ACV 220V ntishobora guhuzwa na 380V yamashanyarazi, naho ubundi.
4.Kora akazi keza mukurinda ubutaka.Mugihe ushyira imashini yo gusudira, igikonjo cyicyuma numutwe umwe wicyuma cya kabiri gihujwe nigice cyo gusudira bigomba guhuzwa hamwe ninsinga ikingira PE cyangwa insinga zidafite aho zibogamiye PEN ya sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi.Iyo amashanyarazi ari muri sisitemu ya IT cyangwa ITI cyangwa sisitemu, igomba guhuzwa nigikoresho cyabugenewe cyabigenewe kitajyanye nigikoresho cyo hasi, cyangwa nigikoresho gisanzwe.Birakwiye ko tumenya ko nyuma yimashini yo gusudira imaze guhindurwa cyangwa igice cyubutaka cyahujwe nigikoresho cyo gusudira, igice cyo gusudira hamwe nintebe yakazi ntigishobora kongera guhagarara.
5.Kora ukurikije inzira zumutekano.Mugihe utangiyeimashini yo gusudira, bigomba kwemezwa ko nta nzira ngufi yumuzunguruko iri hagati yo gusudira hamwe nibice byo gusudira.No mugihe cyo guhagarika akazi, clamp yo gusudira ntishobora gushyirwa muburyo bwo gusudira cyangwa imashini yo gusudira.Iyo amashanyarazi adahagaze neza bihagije, imashini yo gusudira ntigomba gukomeza gukoreshwa kugirango birinde ingaruka za electromagnetique ziterwa nimpinduka zikomeye za voltage no kwangiza imashini yo gusudira.Igikorwa cyo gusudira kimaze kurangira, amashanyarazi yo gusudira agomba guhagarikwa.Niba urusaku rudasanzwe cyangwa impinduka zubushyuhe zibonetse mugihe cyibikorwa, ibikorwa bigomba guhita bihagarikwa kandi hagomba gushyirwaho amashanyarazi wabigenewe kugirango abungabunge.Kuri iki gihe cyiterambere ryimibereho, umusaruro ni ngombwa, ariko kugirango iterambere rirambye ryumuryango, umusaruro wumutekano nikibazo gisaba ko umuryango wose witabwaho.Kuva ku mikoreshereze y’imashini zo gusudira kugeza ku mikorere y’ibindi bikoresho, mu gihe biteza imbere umusaruro, kubungabunga ibidukikije neza ndetse n’ibikorwa bisaba kandi gukurikiranwa hamwe n’umuryango wose.